Special Report: Vanishing flights in the Sierra

Rugged terrain, dense forest frustrate searches

By MARK GROSSI and CYNDEE FONTANA
THE FRESNO BEE

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Almost three years after a glacier 70 miles east of Fresno surrendered the first of two mummified airmen, their 66-year-old crash remains one of many enduring aviation mysteries in the sprawling Sierra Nevada.

Hundreds of military and private aircraft have fallen here, victims of some of the world's most dangerous winds, sudden storms, no-way-out canyons or even their own mistakes.

Sometimes planes simply disappear. Adventurer- millionaire Steve Fossett, for example, may have crashed in the Sierra last year, but no trace of him or his plane has been found.

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Lost Flights: The Sierra's Deadly Legacy

Sometimes the wrecks -- or their victims -- are discovered decades later. This is what happened in 2005 and 2007 with the discovery of two World War II-era bodies on Mendel Glacier -- the first ice mummies found in the United States.

For wreck chasers and amateur archaeologists, these mysteries are irresistible, a quest worthy of Indiana Jones. But the tallest mountain range in the lower 48 states does not give up secrets easily.

Even with modern technology, the Sierra can frustrate searchers with its steep canyons and millions of acres of thick forest. The 400-mile-long range covers more ground than the French, Swiss and Italian Alps combined.

"Very few people go into that country," said G. Pat Macha, an aviation archaeologist who has inspected more than 50 Sierra crash sites. "It's brutal. It's dense, and in many places, sheer and vertical. Eventually, everything will turn up ... but it could be a long, long time."

How many planes have crashed there? Precise statistics are nearly impossible to gather because records are fragmented and incomplete. Macha, co-author of "Aircraft Wrecks in the Mountains and Deserts of California," counts more than 650 Sierra crash sites -- a figure that does not include accidents at airports or within towns.

These crashes are more than statistics or mysteries to be solved.

They shatter lives, leaving deep emotional and sometimes physical scars. Relatives of the missing wait for news -- sometimes for months, sometimes for decades, sometimes forever.

Donnie Priest, now 37, lost his mother and stepfather in a 1982 plane crash on the border of Yosemite National Park. He also lost both feet. A Herculean effort by rescue crews plucked him from the snow-covered plane resting on an avalanche-prone slope.

Gene Ebell, a Fresno insurance agent, and Robert Starr, a high school student from Fresno, endured 15 wintry days in the Sierra after crashing in 1970. They trapped water in air sickness bags and warmed their bodies with foam from seat cushions. Both were saved only because friends and family refused to stop looking.

Some searches end unsuccessfully. Families of those missing must move on with their lives, knowing they may never have closure.

William Ogle, a university professor in Florida, still hopes for word on his father. Businessman Charles Ogle vanished in 1964 on a solo plane flight from Oakland to Reno.

When pilots searching for Fossett spotted a few unfamiliar wrecks last year, William Ogle wondered whether one could be his father's plane. All but one wreck have been ruled out.

Ogle, who was 5 when his father disappeared, concedes that he may never know the truth.

"I won't hold my breath," he said. "I've been holding my breath for a long time."

But there is great joy when a mystery is solved -- especially one dating to World War II. The discovery of Ernest "Glenn" Munn, the mummified airman found last year, surprised his three sisters, who brought his remains home to Ohio for burial.